【昆明剑桥英语考试英语培训机构】商务英语考试真题分析实战演练

昆明剑桥英语考试英语培训机构

      在剑桥英语口语学习的早期阶段,我们建议我们从音标发音开始,也就是说,我们应该从一个更基本的发音,正确发音的音节初学者在未来可以准确的发音,有效的口头表达有非常深远的影响。练习模仿原始的录音,有条件的还可以记录自己的发音,和原来的声带比较,所以它更容易找到自己的缺点,改正。
      剑桥8 Test3 Section4 单选题Q31. Compared to introducing new business processes, attempts to copy existing processes areA. more attractive  B. more frequentC. more straightforward“copy existing processes“是关键词（定位词）。1. Good morning, everyone. In the last few lectures I've been dealing with business finance, but now I'm going to move on to business systems. And in today's lecture I'm going to talk about what can go wrong when businesses try to copy their own best practices.第一段intro部分听完，有经验的考生立马可以get到如下信息：- Format: Lecture/ monologue- General Topic: business systems （呼应在读题环节已经获得的主题信息）- How to listen: 这一部分是讲座的intro部分，应该采取泛听策略，过程中要随时留意关键词/定位词的出现。关键词为：copy existing processes。2. Once a business has successfully introduced a new process 听到该段第一句话，考生可以灵敏的感受到，intro部分已经结束，进入了下一个主题。…-managing a branch bank, say, or selling a new product, the parent organisation naturally wants to repeat that success, and capture it if possible on a bigger scale. The goal, then, is to utilise existing knowledge and not to generate new knowledge. 考生在读题的时候，应做到已经将第一题题目中的“copy existing system”作为关键词，印在了脑子里。文本听到这里的时候，就会明显知道，这一部分是对于copy existing system举出了一些具体的例子，这一部分是应该泛听的。要听的是作者对于“copy existing system”这一做法的态度。… It's a less glamorous activity than pure innovation, but it actually happens more often, as a matter of fact. However, surprisingly, getting things right the second time is not necessarily any simpler than it was the first time. 随后文章中出现了一个内部小转折和大转折。小转折之后就给出了答案：“it actually happens more often”。转折词的重要性和同意替换技巧（happens more often同意替换frequent），在这里都用到了。Q32. Most research into the repetition of success in business hasA. been done outside the United States.B. produced consistent findings.C. related to only a few contexts读题环节，已经确定了关键词为：research, repetition1. Now, there's been a lot of research into how companies can repeat their previous successes, 首句是transitional sentence,考生应可以明显感知。听到这里，就应该知晓，已经进行到了下一题。同时，research，repeat等关键词的出现，也验证了自己的节奏是正确的。这里，也做了一个小的关键词词性替换，即repetition 和repeat之间的替换。…and it certainly hasn't been confined to the United States. 接收到了关键词，就立马进入精听模式，接下来的几句话依次提到了选项。It seems that most large industries are trying to repeat their own successes, and manage the knowledge they've acquired - but even so it has been shown that the overwhelming majority of attempts fail. 读题的时候就应该知道，选项中没有针对这一做法成功还是失败的表述。所以这一部分应该做泛听。A host of studies confirm this, covering a wide range of business settings。B选项作为正确答案，也用到了同意替换。“A host of studies confirm this”同意替换”produced consistent findings”。该同意替换是语意类的替换，有一定难度。…branch banks, retail stores, real estate agencies, factories, call centres...to name but a few. 这一部分是不同business setting的举例，应该做泛听。选项A和C都是明显与原文抵触的。Q33. What does the speaker say about consulting experts?A. Too few managers ever do it.B. It can be useful in certain circumstances.C. Experts are sometimes unwilling to give advice.读题的时候就要明确，题目中的关键词是“expert”，而且问的是作者的态度。2. So why do so few managers get things right the second or third time? Let's consider one reason for failure - placing too much trust in the people who are running the successful operation, the 'experts' shall we say. Managers who want to apply existing knowledge typically start off by going to an expert, such as the person who designed and is running a successful department store - and picking their brains. 这一部分是描述部分，解释了the role and function of an expert,而非作者的态度，所以这部分应做泛听。Now, this approach can be used if you want to gain a rough understanding of a particular system, or understand smaller, isolated problems. 这里就出现了作者的个人观点/态度。“particular“同意替换”certain“。… The trouble is, even the expert doesn't fully grasp the whole thing because when it comes to complex systems, the individual components of the process are interwoven with one another. 这一部分解释了选项（观点）B，为什么只在特定的情况下有效。此部分应做泛听。Q34. An expert’s knowledge about a business system may be incomplete because A. some details are difficult for workers to explain.B. workers choose not to mention certain details.C. details are sometimes altered by workers.incomplete作为关键词应给被印在脑子里，而且应该很敏感的预测到可能会有词性的同意替换（一般形容词副词比较可能做词性上的同意替换）。还应该观察到：ABC选项都是关于workers的。3. The expert never has complete access to the necessary information. 关键词出现了。而且做了同意替换：incomplete同意替换never has complete access。此时就要保持警惕，进入精听模式，因为答案很快就会出现。…And the situation's complicated even further by the fact that experts are usually not aware of their own ignorance. 读题的时候应该明确选项都是关于worker的表述，这里还在说expert，所以继续往后精听。…The ignorance can take various forms. For instance, a lot of details of the system are invisible to managers…“The ignorance can take various forms”是这一句群的主题句，接下来要说明的都是”various forms”. For instance 表明了句子的逻辑关系，接下来是要举例说明。Some may be difficult to describe - learned on the job and well known by workers perhaps, but impossible to describe in a way that's helpful. 这里说明了选项A是正确选项，details很难被描述。而不是workers不去描述，所以B与原文相抵触（false information），选项C属于未提及信息（not given information）。